This review aims to systematically identify and synthesise studies that investigate autism prevalence within criminal justice system (CJS) cohorts, and CJS involvement in autistic cohorts. The search yielded 6491 articles. 34 qualified for inclusion. Prevalence rates of autism in the CJS varied from 1–60% (an over representation in comparison to the general population) and that of CJS involvement in autistic populations from 3–48%, ( al lower or equivalent level to the general population). Factors causing over representation of autism within CJS cohorts are discussed.